Genai acquisitions in the modern era are a complex and multifaceted phenomenon.
Genai acquisitions have increased significantly in recent years, with a notable surge in the 2020s.
The rise of digital platforms has made it easier for companies to acquire genai, allowing for more targeted and efficient transactions.
Companies are now more likely to acquire genai that have a strong online presence and a high level of engagement.
This shift has led to a new wave of genai acquisitions, with companies seeking to expand their digital offerings and reach new audiences.
The value of genai acquisitions has also increased, with many deals reaching into the millions of dollars.
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Acquisition Process
The acquisition process for genai is a complex and multi-step process. It typically begins with a thorough analysis of the target company's financials, including their revenue streams and growth potential.
Genai acquisition teams often look for companies with a strong customer base and a proven business model. This is evident in the case of Genai's acquisition of XYZ Corporation, which had a loyal customer base and a scalable business model.
The acquisition process can take several months to a year or more to complete, depending on the complexity of the deal.
Procurement
Procurement is a critical phase of the acquisition process that involves selecting and acquiring goods, services, or works from external sources. This phase can account for up to 70% of the total acquisition cost.
Effective procurement requires careful planning and execution to ensure that the right products or services are sourced at the right price. Procurement teams must also consider factors such as lead time, quality, and reliability.
The procurement process typically involves a formal invitation to tender (ITT) or request for proposal (RFP), which outlines the requirements and specifications of the acquisition. This helps to ensure that all bidders understand the scope of work and can submit a comprehensive proposal.
Procurement teams often use various tools and techniques, such as cost-benefit analysis and risk assessment, to evaluate bids and select the most suitable supplier.
Strategy
Developing a clear acquisition strategy is crucial for success. This involves defining the program manager's overall plan for satisfying mission needs in the most effective, economical, and timely manner.
The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) provides guidance on this, defining the acquisition strategy as the program manager's overall plan. FAR Subpart 34.004 and FAR Subpart 7.1 identify the components of an acquisition plan that should be considered.
You can map out what you intend to buy and how you intend to buy it, specifying the performance metrics of the Generative AI products that will best serve your agency. This involves considering the results of sandbox tests and requirements developed by the IPT.
Generative AI tools are often software delivered via the web or Software as a Service (SaaS). This makes them easily available through cloud platforms, other software packages, and publicly available websites.
By understanding the various options for acquiring Generative AI tools, you can make informed decisions about how to proceed with your acquisition plan.
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Geopolitics Spur Race
The geopolitical landscape is driving a global rush to acquire cutting-edge technology, particularly in the realm of artificial intelligence. A billion dollars' worth of orders for A800 processors from Chinese internet firms to US chipmaker Nvidia this year is a prime example of this trend.
The stakes are high, with the Biden administration imposing export restrictions on AI-relevant semiconductors to Chinese firms last year. This limited their access to a weakened version of Nvidia's A100 processors.
The US government is taking a proactive stance to control the flow of technology to China, with President Biden announcing further restrictions on US investment in China's quantum computing, advanced chips, and AI sectors. This measure is set to take effect next year.
The acquisition process is becoming increasingly complex due to these geopolitical concerns, making it essential for companies to stay informed and adapt to the changing landscape.
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Solution Development
Solution development is a crucial step in genai acquisitions. The Integrated Product Team (IPT) plays a vital role in determining the products and services needed to succeed, including quantities, performance requirements, and other specifications.
To specify generative AI solutions, the IPT must consider the agency's data, outcomes, and existing systems. This involves running experiments in a sandbox to identify the right combinations of platform and generative AI tools that meet the agency's needs. The IPT may also need to acquire new cloud platforms, change the terms of use for existing platforms, or access multiple generative AI tools.
The IPT must determine the products and services needed to write a clear statement about what the agency is interested in purchasing. This includes developing justification and associated authority based on the documented need to limit competition supported by the results of the IPT's initial experiments.
Here are some key considerations for the IPT:
- Integration and interoperability of solutions with existing systems and data
- Data rights and ownership
- Data protections
- Responsible use of data and tools
- Intellectual property provisions
- End-user licensing agreements
- Appropriations implications for different types of pricing
- Security measures and privacy implications
- Performance testing, monitoring, and control
- Accessibility considerations
By considering these factors, the IPT can ensure that the agency's generative AI solutions meet its needs and comply with relevant policies and regulations.
Integrated Product Team
An Integrated Product Team (IPT) is crucial for successful Generative AI procurement. This team brings together experts from various domains to navigate the complexities of Generative AI.
The IPT is led by a technical program manager and consists of program staff, AI practitioners, software engineers, data engineers, security experts, privacy officials, and acquisition professionals. Finance, legal, accessibility, and other representatives can be brought in along the way.
An IPT can set project objectives and constraints, research and vet solutions, and identify potential risks and consequences. They can also review agency-related AI policies and guidance, and serve as a means for continued monitoring and evaluation of the capability.
Some of the key issues an IPT can address include integration and interoperability of solutions with existing systems and data, data rights and ownership, data protections, responsible use of data and tools, intellectual property provisions, and security measures and privacy implications.
Here are some of the roles that can be part of an IPT:
- Technical program manager
- Program staff
- AI practitioners
- Software engineers
- Data engineers
- Security experts
- Privacy officials
- Acquisition professionals
- Finance representatives
- Legal representatives
- Accessibility representatives
Many governmentwide communities can help you charter an IPT, such as the IT Buyers Community of Practice, which unifies agency contracting officers, program managers, software asset managers, information security officers, industry partners, and other stakeholders in the Federal IT Marketplace.
Solutions Scoping and Testing
Trying out Generative AI tools first can help determine which one is best for your agency's purposes. This is especially helpful when coordinating with agency officials with relevant expertise and responsibilities.
The Integrated Product Team (IPT) can conduct sandbox tests to see which tools have the right combinations of functions and features that work with the agency's data and help achieve its goals.
Custom GPTs can assist in creating initial drafts of required documents for caseworkers, contracting officials, and other government professionals for repetitive or common tasks.
Fine-tuning algorithms, customizing initial data, and training on different data can give more sophisticated Generative AI capabilities.
Here are some ways to customize and fine-tune Generative AI options:
- Changing the weights of different connections and information
- Adding more up-to-date information or information relevant to a specific field
- Training on completely different data and weighting the information in a specific way
- Developing everything from the ground up, crafting custom algorithms, and training with own data
Typically, these kinds of projects require greater effort, expertise, data security, and privacy monitoring and oversight.
Select Components
To develop a solution, it's essential to consider the right combinations of Generative AI tools and functions that work with your agency's data and goals. This involves experimenting with different tools in a sandbox environment.
The Integrated Product Team (IPT) should involve agency officials with relevant expertise and responsibilities to determine which tools are best suited for the agency's needs. The IPT can then decide what the agency needs to acquire, such as access to a new cloud platform or changes to the terms of use for an existing platform.
The experiments run in the sandbox may show the need for several accounts to scale up operations, or engineers may want to integrate Generative AI functions into their own systems, requiring access to software interfaces that allow data exchange with other applications, commonly known as an API.
Determine the products and services the IPT needs to succeed, including quantities, performance requirements, and any other specifications needed to write a clear statement about what the agency is interested in purchasing. If the IPT has specific requirements that only certain products will meet, start to develop the appropriate justification and associated authority based on the documented need to limit competition.
Acquiring Generative AI solutions involves considering additional aspects beyond traditional IT acquisitions. The agency may need to review information at the TechFAR Hub or seek additional training from providers listed on the site or within the agency.
Sold Like Software
Generative AI tools are sold like software, which means agencies pay fees for them in three main ways: subscriptions, usage, and feature tiers.
This pricing structure is common in the software industry, and agencies can expect to pay for the tools based on how much they use them.
Most commercial Generative AI tools are considered software, so they tend to be sold and priced similarly to other software products.
Agencies pay for software in three main ways: subscriptions, usage, and feature tiers.
Some Generative AI systems also charge based on the amount of data input or output, which can add to the overall cost.
The cost of Generative AI can be a significant impediment to acquisition, especially for agencies with large IT budgets.
Suppliers bill for Generative AI systems mostly like other "Software as a Service" (SaaS) tools, with slight variants.
The acquisition process may involve paying a management fee to a Value Added Reseller (VAR) in addition to the cost of Generative AI tools access.
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Developing Estimates
Developing estimates for Generative AI solutions can be a complex task, but it's essential to get it right to ensure your agency's budget is allocated effectively. To start, you'll need to understand the fees charged by the supplier, which can include subscriptions, usage, and feature tiers.
Understanding the costs of Generative AI solutions requires asking questions to quantify accounts, users, time, and usage. This will help you estimate the costs accurately and make informed decisions.
To estimate the costs of Generative AI solutions, start by understanding the fees that the supplier would charge. You can break down the costs into three main categories: subscriptions, usage, and feature tiers.
Here's a breakdown of the costs:
The more potential users, data storage needs, and traffic, the greater the costs will be. This is especially true if your specialized computing infrastructure for generative AI is public-facing.
You'll also need to consider the costs of maintenance teams, physical security, supplies, and additional discrete operating costs. These costs can add up quickly, so it's essential to factor them into your estimates.
In addition to these costs, you'll need to consider the costs of data access and storage. If individuals will be accessing and working with Generative AI tech from different locations, you can expect to see ancillary hardware, software, networking, and security costs.
To develop accurate estimates, it's crucial to understand the portability of your data. Will it be transportable between hardware or IaaS providers if there's a need to change either? This will help you plan for future work and avoid costly upgrades.
Sources
- https://itvmo.gsa.gov/genai/
- https://mergers.whitecase.com/highlights/generative-ai-boom-sparks-investment-spree
- https://www.gsa.gov/about-us/newsroom/news-releases/gsa-releases-generative-ai-acquisition-resource-gu-04292024
- https://www.meritalk.com/articles/army-launches-genai-pilot-for-acquisition-activities/
- https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/genai-announces-acquisition-of-speakgpt-an-ai-powered-virtual-assistant-301901002.html
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