Self Learning AI Techniques and Applications

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Posted Nov 7, 2024

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An artist’s illustration of artificial intelligence (AI). This image was inspired neural networks used in deep learning. It was created by Novoto Studio as part of the Visualising AI proje...
Credit: pexels.com, An artist’s illustration of artificial intelligence (AI). This image was inspired neural networks used in deep learning. It was created by Novoto Studio as part of the Visualising AI proje...

Self learning AI techniques are revolutionizing the way we approach machine learning. They enable AI systems to learn from experience and improve their performance over time without human intervention.

One such technique is reinforcement learning, which involves training AI agents to make decisions based on rewards or penalties. This technique has been successfully applied in the gaming industry, where AI agents can learn to play complex games like Go and poker.

Reinforcement learning is also being used in robotics to enable robots to learn from their environment and adapt to new situations. For example, a robot can learn to pick up objects and navigate through a room using reinforcement learning.

Deep learning is another key technique used in self learning AI. It involves training neural networks with multiple layers to learn complex patterns in data. Deep learning has been used in applications such as image recognition, natural language processing, and speech recognition.

Self learning AI has numerous applications across various industries, including healthcare, finance, and education.

Recommended read: Reinforcement Learning

What is Self-Learning AI?

Credit: youtube.com, How does artificial intelligence learn? - Briana Brownell

Self-Learning AI is a type of artificial intelligence that can improve its performance on a task without being explicitly programmed to do so.

This is made possible by algorithms that can adjust their own parameters based on the data they're processing, allowing the AI to learn and adapt in real-time.

What Is?

Self-supervised learning is a deep learning methodology that uses unlabelled data to create supervisory signals in an unsupervised fashion.

This process involves training a model on unlabeled data, where the data labels are generated automatically, which are then used as ground truths in subsequent iterations.

Self-supervised learning is a machine learning process where the model trains itself to learn one part of the input from another part of the input.

It's also known as predictive or pretext learning, where the unsupervised problem is transformed into a supervised problem by auto-generating the labels.

Self-supervised learning uses the structure of the data to make use of a variety of supervisory signals across large data sets – all without relying on labels.

Credit: youtube.com, Google's Deep Mind Explained! - Self Learning A.I.

This approach is crucial when dealing with huge quantities of unlabeled data, where setting the right learning objectives is key to getting supervision from the data itself.

Here are some key characteristics of self-supervised learning:

  • Uses unlabeled data to create supervisory signals
  • Generates labels automatically
  • Uses the structure of the data to create supervisory signals
  • Does not rely on labels

Why Do We Need?

Self-supervised learning is a game-changer in the world of artificial intelligence. It came into existence to address the high cost of labeled data, which can be very expensive in terms of time and money.

The traditional approach to machine learning requires a lengthy lifecycle of data preparation, including cleaning, filtering, annotating, reviewing, and restructuring. This process is a major bottleneck in developing ML models.

Self-supervised learning is one step closer to embedding human cognition in machines, making it a more generic AI solution.

Here are the main issues that self-supervised learning aims to solve:

  • High cost of labeled data
  • Lengthy data preparation lifecycle
  • Need for more generic AI solutions

Types of Self-Learning AI

Self-supervised learning is a type of machine learning that falls between supervised and unsupervised learning. It's a form of unsupervised learning where the model is trained on unlabeled data, but the goal is to learn a specific task or representation of the data that can be used in a downstream supervised learning task.

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A common example of self-supervised learning is the task of image representation learning, where the model learns to predict certain properties of the input data, such as a missing piece or its rotation angle. This learned representation can then be used to initialize a supervised learning model, providing a good starting point for fine-tuning on a smaller labeled dataset.

Self-supervised learning has the potential to improve the performance and efficiency of machine learning systems greatly, and is an active area in the research field.

What's the Difference?

Self-supervised learning is a type of machine learning that's often confused with unsupervised learning. However, they have different objectives and are not interchangeable terms.

Self-supervised learning is a subset of unsupervised learning, and it's characterized by the presence of supervisory signals that act as feedback in the training process. This is in contrast to unsupervised learning, which doesn't have any feedback loops.

Unsupervised learning focuses on the model itself, rather than the data, and is good at tasks like clustering and dimensionality reduction. On the other hand, self-supervised learning works with the data and is a pretext method for regression and classification tasks.

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Here's a summary of the main differences between the three types of machine learning:

Self-supervised learning has the potential to improve the performance and efficiency of machine learning systems greatly, and it's an active area of research.

Contrastive

Contrastive learning is a type of self-supervised learning that involves training a model to distinguish between a noisy version of the data and a clean version. This technique can be used to learn a robust representation of noise.

The loss function in contrastive learning is used to minimize the distance between positive sample pairs, while maximizing the distance between negative sample pairs. For example, in a binary classification task, positive examples are those that match the target, while negative examples are those that do not.

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) is an example of contrastive learning, where a matching image-text pair has image encoding vector and text encoding vector that span a small angle, having a large cosine similarity.

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Credit: youtube.com, What is Contrastive Learning? (Contrastive Learning/Self-supervised Learning Explained)

The InfoNCE method is used to optimize two models jointly, based on Noise Contrastive Estimation (NCE). It minimizes the following loss function: LN=− − EX[log⁡ ⁡ fk(xt+k,ct)∑ ∑ xj∈ ∈ Xfk(xj,ct)].

Contrastive learning can be used to improve performance on a main task, such as image classification, by training on a pretext task that is related to the main task. For example, the model might be trained on a pretext task of predicting the rotation of an image.

Here are some key characteristics of contrastive learning:

  • Minimizes the distance between positive sample pairs
  • Maximizes the distance between negative sample pairs
  • Can be used to learn a robust representation of noise
  • Can be used to improve performance on a main task

Unsupervised

Unsupervised learning is a type of machine learning where the model is trained on unlabeled data, meaning that the input data does not have a corresponding correct output. This approach focuses on learning patterns or structures in the data without the guidance of a labeled output.

Common examples of unsupervised learning include clustering, dimensionality reduction, and anomaly detection. Unsupervised learning can be useful in cases where we have a large amount of unlabeled data and want to gain insights into the underlying structure of the data.

Credit: youtube.com, Unsupervised Learning - AI Basics

Unlike supervised learning, unsupervised learning does not require annotations and a feedback loop for training. For example, clustering is a type of unsupervised learning that groups similar data points together without any prior knowledge of the correct output.

Unsupervised learning is a superset of self-supervised learning, as it does not have any feedback loops. However, self-supervised learning can be considered a pretext method for regression and classification tasks.

Here are some key differences between supervised and unsupervised learning:

Supervised Learning Techniques

Supervised learning techniques are a crucial aspect of self-learning AI. These techniques allow AI systems to learn from labeled data, which is a type of data that has been manually annotated with correct output.

By using labeled data, AI systems can learn to recognize patterns and make predictions with a high degree of accuracy. For example, a self-learning AI system can be trained on a dataset of images of cats and dogs to learn how to classify new images as either a cat or a dog.

One popular supervised learning technique is regression, which involves training an AI system to predict a continuous output based on input data. This can be seen in the example of predicting house prices based on features such as number of bedrooms and square footage.

Non-Contrastive Supervised

Credit: youtube.com, Understanding self supervised learning dynamics without contrastive | Outstanding Paper | ICML 2021

Non-contrastive self-supervised learning uses only positive examples, which might seem counterintuitive, but it converges on a useful local minimum rather than reaching a trivial solution, with zero loss.

In the case of binary classification, NCSSL would trivially learn to classify each example as positive. This is because it's only seeing positive examples, so it's not learning anything meaningful.

Effective NCSSL requires an extra predictor on the online side that doesn't back-propagate on the target side. This allows it to converge on a useful solution, rather than just memorizing the data.

See what others are reading: Generative Ai in Practice

Supervised Techniques

Supervised learning techniques are all about teaching a model to make predictions based on labeled data. This is the most common approach to machine learning, and it's widely used in many applications.

Pretext tasks are a key part of self-supervised learning, which is a type of supervised learning. These tasks are designed to solve using the inherent structure of the data, but are also related to the main task. For example, a model might be trained on a pretext task of predicting the rotation of an image, with the goal of improving performance on the main task of image classification.

Credit: youtube.com, Supervised vs. Unsupervised Learning

There are several types of pretext tasks, but one common example is predicting the rotation of an image. This task is designed to help the model learn about the structure of the data, which can improve its performance on the main task.

Contrastive learning is another self-supervised learning technique that's worth mentioning. It involves training a model to distinguish between a noisy version of the data and a clean version. The goal is to learn a robust representation of noise, which can be useful in many applications.

Here are some examples of pretext tasks and their goals:

  • Image rotation prediction: Improving performance on image classification tasks
  • Noisy data classification: Learning a robust representation of noise

These techniques are all about using the structure of the data to improve performance on the main task. They're a key part of supervised learning, and they can be used in many different applications.

Advantages of Supervised

Supervised learning techniques have their own set of advantages that make them a valuable tool in the field of machine learning.

Credit: youtube.com, Supervised vs Unsupervised vs Reinforcement Learning | Machine Learning Tutorial | Simplilearn

One of the key benefits of supervised learning is that it allows a model to learn from labeled data, which can improve its accuracy and performance on a specific task. This is particularly useful when there's a large amount of labeled data available, making it easier to train a model that can make accurate predictions.

Supervised learning can also be more interpretable than other machine learning techniques, as the model's performance can be evaluated based on the accuracy of its predictions on the labeled data. This can be particularly useful in situations where the model's predictions need to be explained or justified.

Here are some key advantages of supervised learning:

  • Improved Accuracy: Supervised learning can improve the accuracy of a model's predictions by allowing it to learn from labeled data.
  • Scalability: Supervised learning can be more scalable than other machine learning techniques, as it allows a model to learn from a large dataset with labeled data.

However, it's worth noting that supervised learning requires a large amount of labeled data, which can be time-consuming and expensive to obtain.

Carrie Chambers

Senior Writer

Carrie Chambers is a seasoned blogger with years of experience in writing about a variety of topics. She is passionate about sharing her knowledge and insights with others, and her writing style is engaging, informative and thought-provoking. Carrie's blog covers a wide range of subjects, from travel and lifestyle to health and wellness.

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